Connaissances, croyances et attitudes des pharmaciens communautaires québécois par rapport à l’immunisation

Plusieurs associations recommandent l’administration des vaccins par les pharmaciens afin d’en faciliter l’accès et d’augmenter les taux de vaccination.

Affiche présentée à la Conférence canadienne sur l’immunisation/ Canadian Immunization Conference 2014, les 2-4 décembre 2014 à Ottawa, Canada.

Nous avons effectué un sondage auprès de 115 pharmaciens communautaires du Québec. La moitié (52%) des répondants étaient d’avis que les pharmaciens devraient pouvoir y prescrire et administrer des vaccins. Les barrières principales à la vaccination par les pharmaciens étaient le manque de temps (90%) et de formation (92%). Ainsi, ces résultats peuvent soutenir de nouvelles discussion sur le rôle des pharmaciens en soutien à l’immunisation au Québec et au Canada.

Le résumé se trouve ci-dessous :

Background: Many immunization–preventable diseases still cause major morbidity and mortality in Canada. Immunization rates in Québec are suboptimal, especially among adults. In order to widen vaccines’ availability and facilitate their uptake, several associations and government agencies recommend that vaccines be administered by pharmacists.

Objectives: To describe the pharmacists’ knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes towards immunization and determine what barriers to pharmacist–led immunization are perceived by Québec’s pharmacists.

Methods: Our study was a descriptive survey of pharmacists working in a community setting in Québec. Community pharmacists were randomly chosen among a list of Québec’s pharmacies and were contacted by phone from January 17 to 25, 2013. Participating pharmacists were given a web link to our questionnaire (created with the website http://www.surveymonkey.com). A reminder e–mail was sent 5–7 days after the first contact. We contacted 201 community pharmacists during the study period, and 115 answered the survey, generating a 57 % response rate. No statistical analysis was used, as this was a descriptive study.

Results: A vast majority of respondents answered that vaccines have more benefits than adverse effects. Approximately half (52 %) answered that pharmacists should be able to prescribe and administer vaccines, pending a legislative change. Those pharmacists were more interested in administering travel (92 %), flu (88 %), and pandemic (85 %) vaccines than regularly scheduled vaccines for adults (65 %) or children (18 %). Principal barriers to pharmacist–led immunization were lack of time (90 %) and training (92 %), whereas increased immunization training (95 %) and adequate remuneration (92 %) were the most common factors that would help its implementation.

Conclusions: Our findings should push for a renewed discussion of the role of pharmacists as immunization agents in Canadian provinces where pharmacists do not have a right to administer vaccines.

Vous pouvez consulter notre affiche présentée à la Conférence canadienne sur l’immunisation/ Canadian Immunization Conference  2014, les 2-4 décembre 2014 à Ottawa, Canada.